Morphological Effects of Some plant Extracts on Mosquito Larvae of Dengue Fever Vector Aedes aegypti (Diptera) from Al-Hodeidah Governorate- Yemen.

Abstract

Background: Mosquito vectors have medical important as Aedes spp. It transport different pathogens which cause different diseases such as Yellow Fever, Chikungunya and Zika. The incidence of Dengue Fever has grown dramatically in new decades. Nowadays, using natural control as plant extracts has shown to be environmentally safe, degradable and have target-specific. Aims: The present study was carried out to study the morphological changed of Aedes aegypti larvae as result of treatment with Datura stramonium, Mentha piperita, Nicotiana glauca and Peganum harmala in methanolic and aqueous extracts. Methods: Tested Ae. aegypti larvae were examined by light microscope and anatomy microscope to record changes in their morphology affected by different plant extracts. Results: The control group did not show any morphological damage. Larvae treated with D. stramonium exhibited black color and bend in methanolic extract also black color with spots in aqueous extract. Mentha piperita methanolic extract showed dark color body, cuticle pigmentation, abandoned and thin body but dark gut and the larvae in aqueous extract. Dark color and thick body appeared in N. glauca and P. harmala extract in addition the detachment between thorax and abdomen segments of treated larvae was clearly appeared in high aqueous extract of P. harmala. Conclusion: The high concentration 800 ppm of extracts had the highest morphological effect on the Ae. aegypti larvae.