Hydrological Study Analysis and Groundwater Assessment of Hadramawt Aquifers, May 2022

  • Abdulwahed Ali Iskander
الكلمات المفتاحية: Hydrological Study Analysis, Groundwater Assessment, Hadramawt Aquifers

الملخص

Hydrological study in Hadramawt is composed of several sections. The first section introduces the hydrological aspects to be covered and analyzed which includes parameter of surface water as rainfall, runoff scale in relation to geology composition and soil moisture and characteristic. Background of the study area in terms of location, topography and classification of Hadramawt aquifers are disused in this study. Research objectives pertinent to groundwater resource assessment in Hdramawt are successfully achieved through examination of enormous data variables of rainfall and surface runoff data that was collected covering longtime period over 40 years. Time series of rainfall are used to reveal rainfall pattern in the concerned area and examine its temporal and spatial distribution at annual, seasonal and monthly averages Rainfall distribution and other climatic opponents are discussed in relation to other meteorological data. Several formula and models appropriate to water assessment are applied and mentioned under methodology section and further explored in the hydrologic analysis section.

The researcher undertakes thoroughly the hydrological analyses, which combine various components of water resources variables in order to make reliable assessment, the type and amount, of water resources at the surface and underground level within regional and local aquifers. Catchment areas in relation to rainfall and runoff parameters are used to estimate groundwater recharge rates. Comparative analysis is performed to contrast water abstraction with recharge rate in order to establish a baseline defining critical basins within concerned study areas in Hadramawt governorate and main basins of targeted project areas. Components of groundwater system and water saving as a consequence of the implementation of the proposed project are consequently discussed in the analytical section. Monitoring and evolutional aspects of the project explore the current situation of water balance by defining the extent of groundwater availability and depletion at a district level. The magnitude of water balance is pictured and charted in a detailed map for the Hadramawt project, so as to better control and monitor groundwater use based on location and using sustainable management methods to reserve water resources within the context of tasks achievements and practicing water saving activities under the suggested programs for Hadramawt Modern Irrigation Projects (MIP) to be implemented in the concerned area. A list of hydro and meteorological devices and equipment needs are developed to support monitoring and evolution processes of the project. Finally, concluding marks and research recommendations are abstracted at the end of this study.

Hydrological analysis assessment revealed that the total annual groundwater recharge into the aquifers of Hadramawt governorate basins is at 151 MCM / in 2008 as the recharge aggregated for the 11 sub-basins in the governorate. The total Irrigated Area from groundwater in Hadramawt Governorate was 13,551 hectare in the same year, consumed (MCM169) million cubic meters, an amount accounted for irrigation from groundwater, which exceeds the amount of annual water recharge. This situation of groundwater system would leads to acute shortage in water supply over years to come, however, applying modern technology in irrigation would save 67.7 MCM/year of groundwater, assuming that all irrigated land be covered with modern irrigation techniques in Hadramawt Governorate.

منشور
2022-07-02